Cov khoom noj siv mis ua kom muaj kev loj hlob zoo rau ntau yam kab mob me me vim tias lawv muaj ntau yam khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig nrog rau cov txiv ntseej (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lactose), lipids, protein, cov amino acids tseem ceeb, enzymes, vitamins thiab minerals. Yog li, kev ua cov khoom noj muaj mis zoo yog qhov nyuaj dua piv rau kev ua ntau yam zaub mov.
Kev ua kom lub siab sov yog qhov feem ntau tshem tawm tsis zoo los ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov zaub mov thiab ua kom lub neej ntev ntev los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kev sib tsoo thiab cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob sib kis. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj qhov kub siab yog nce raws li lwm txoj hauv kev hloov pauv thermal hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus. Ultraviolet (UV) lub teeb, uas yog lub thev naus laus zis tsis siv neeg, tsis ntev los no tau ua tib zoo mloog txog kev txhim kho khoom noj kom nyab xeeb. Piv nrog rau kev ua thermal, qhov kev vam meej thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem muab cov neeg siv nrog kev ua kom tsawg, microbiologically kom zoo thiab ua cov khoom tshiab zoo li muaj cov teebmeem me ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev xav ntawm qhov khoom. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tsis hloov cov kev tu cev, kev tsim khoom zoo lossis kev xyaum ua qoob loo.
UV lub teeb thov tseem tuaj yeem ua qhov qhia ua lwm txoj hauv kev siv tshuaj chemical hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus. Dhau li, kev siv cov UV teeb ua cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj qee qhov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov teb chaws tsim hauv kev tsim khoom me me vim nws cov nqi saib xyuas qis, kev txhim kho qis thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam tsawg nrog kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Cov sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab ntxuav ntawm txoj kev kho yog yooj yim heev. Txawm hais tias nws muaj ntau qhov zoo, nws lub hwj chim qis tau txwv cheeb tsam ntawm kev siv hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog yuav raug txo lossis tiv thaiv vim muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev ntawm cov zaub mov. Ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntau, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov kev tsis zoo rau qhov tsis zoo thiab qee cov vitamins. Txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab cov xwm txheej no.
UV irradiation ntawm cov mis nyuj tau siv thawj zaug thaum ib nrab xyoo 1900 rau lub hom phiaj kev txhim kho cov vitamin D. Kev ua kom tau zoo ntawm kev kho lub teeb UV tau tshawb pom nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no thiab ntau thiab ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb kuj tau coj los ntsuas qhov kev siv muaj peev xwm ntawm UV lub teeb ua qhov tsis muaj cua sov ua rau cov kua mis ua kom sov. Ntawm qhov tod tes, vim kev lees paub qhov ua tiav thiab kev yooj yim ntawm kev ua thermal, cov kev hloov pauv rau cov mis nyuj tseem muaj kev txwv. Kev siv ntawm UV lub teeb yuav tsum tsis yog txiav txim siab rau qhov ua kom tsis txhob muaj hlwb xwb tab sis kuj tseem ua rau kev txhim kho cov khoom noj siv mis. UV-kho pasteurized nyuj cov kua mis tau tso cai ua khoom noj tshiab hauv khw los ntawm European Commission. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias kev kho cov kua mis pasteurized nrog UV hluav taws xob tau ua rau muaj qhov nce ntawm cov vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) ntau los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm 7-dehydrocholesterol rau vitamin D3.
Kev paug cov mis nyuj nrog cov kab mob me me tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau ntau theem ntawm kev tsim khoom, pib los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv thaum lub sijhawm khoom noj. Txawm hais tias kev kho kom sov yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis muaj cov khoom noj, cov khoom noj mis nyuj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov cheese tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob tsis zoo. Tom qab cov txheej txheem pasteurization, tuav cov curd, khoom siv, kab ua, ntim lossis chaw cia khoom tuaj yeem ua rau hla kev sib kis nrog ntau cov kab mob. Txawm hais tias qhov kev tsim khoom lag luam zoo siv, kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej cov khoom ntim yog ib txwm siv los tiv thaiv kom txhob lwj thiab ntxiv lub neej khaws cia rau qee cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Hloov cov tshuaj muaj tshuaj, xav tau cov kev daws teeb meem ntxiv los tswj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob me me ua ntej los yog tom qab ntim ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis. Daim ntawv thov saum npoo ntawm UV teeb tom qab ntau lawm tuaj yeem muab txoj hauv kev zoo dua los tshem tawm lossis tswj kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua haujlwm tom qab kev sib kis. Lwm qhov kev cog lus ntawm kev siv UV teeb ci yog kev ntxuav cov cua thiab dej siv hauv cov nroj tsuag, thiab tshem tau tej chaw ua noj ua haus thiab cov khoom ntim.
Cov kev tshawb fawb ntau yog tsom ntsoov rau kev thov UV lub teeb kom txo cov kab mob me me hauv cov mis, thiab kev tshawb fawb me ntsis tsom rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov chaw ntawm cov khoom ua kua mis. Tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis. Yog li, daim ntawv thov ntawm UV teeb rau ntau cov khoom siv mis nyuj yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm ob qho tib si zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev siv ntau dua thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm UV ci hauv kev lag luam. Muaj kuj xav tau rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau cov ntawv thov ntawm UV teeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag mis.
Hauv tshooj lus no, UV thev naus laus zis tau tshab txhais txog nws cov ntsiab cai, kev ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm, thiab muaj UV los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tshuaj ua tiav raug tshawb xyuas. Tom qab ntawd, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm UV teeb ntawm kev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob me me thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj thiab khoom noj khoom haus ntawm ntau cov khoom siv mis los sib tham.
